1981 (1980) (1982) (1970-1980) (1980-1990) Table of Contents
Allen David Heskin* After the Battle is Won, Political Contradictions in Santa Monica, UCLA Lecture and unpublished ms. Fall, 1983. 1983, 1982, 1981, 1980, 1979, 1977 See Text
James W. Lunsford The Ocean and the Sunset, The Hills and the Clouds: Looking at Santa Monica, illustrated by Alice N. Lunsford, 1983, 1982 See Text
Frank MacShane (ed.) Selected Letters of Raymond Chandler, Columbia University Press: NY, 1981, 501pp., 1981, 1959, 1957, 1944, 1940, 1939, 1919 See Text
Eric Mankin Strategies: You Can Win City Hall, Mother Jones, VI, no. X, December, 1981. p. 66. 1981, 1970s, 1950s, 1940s See Text
Hal Morgan Big Time: American Tall-Tale PostCards, St. Martin's Press: NY, 1981, 75 pp. See Text
Ocean Park Dawn, 1981, See Image
Jenny Pirie*, Peter Kastner* and Jeff Mudrick* A Short History of Ocean Park, Ocean Park Community Organization, 1982, (With a 1983 update.) 15pp. 1983, 1982, 1981 See Text
Lionel Rolfe Literary L.A., Chronicle Books: San Francisco, 1981, 102pp., 1940s, 1930s, 1923, 1916, 1908, 1902, Introduction See Text
Santa Monica Planning
Division Santa Monica Landmarks Tour,
2003.
32. Loof Hippodrome, 1916
40 John and Anna George* House, circa 1911 See
Text
Amanda Schacter (Ed.)
Santa Monica Landmarks Santa Monica Landmarks Commission,
1990.
14 John and Anna George* House See
Text
Jeffrey Stanton Santa Monica Pier: A History from 1875 to 1990, Donahue Publishing: Los Angeles, CA, 1990, 1981 See Text
Documents
Allen David Heskin* After the Battle is Won, Political Contradictions in Santa Monica, UCLA Lecture and unpublished ms. Fall, 1983. 1983, 1982, 1981, 1980, 1979, 1977
"In 1981, a coalition of groups referred to as Santa Monicans for Renters' Rights (SMRR) won majority control on the City Council of the City of Santa Monica. Having won this battle, however, SMRR faced a new challenge, that of governig the city.
". . .
"From 1979 to 1981, Santa Monicans for Renters' Rights (SMRR), an electoral coalition in the City of Santa Monica, scored an impressive set of victories at the polls. They passed and defended a tough rent control law, elected a full rent control board, elected school board candidates, and gained a two-thirds majority on the seven member city council. SMRR had combined an almost military mobilization of the population and the latest in computer aided electioneering to score their victories.
". . .
" . . .In 1981, 72.3% of the Ocean Park voters voted for SMRR council candidates and 21.8% for the opposition.
" . . .
""After the first victory in 1981, a fourth group was added, OPEN. The Ocean Park Elector Network (OPEN), was the product of the same organizing effort that led to the formation of the Ocean Park Community Organization (OPCO), for whom I worked. While OPCO's members worked in the first campaign, OPCO, as a tax exempt organization, did not participate. After the election victory, however, members of OPCO formed the Ocean Park political organization, OPEN, and petitioned SMRR for membership.
"The opposition to SMRR has repeatedly charged that OPCO, with the formation of OPEN, became and continues to be a political organization. SMRR activists also complain about OPCO, but their complaint is about the separation and that OPCO itself is not political enough. In my experience, the differentiation between OPCO and OPEN was strictly maintained. However, the role of OPCO, as opposed to OPEN, and the other community organizations in Santa Monica in the political life of the city is a major issue in this paper and will be dealt with later."
James W. Lunsford The Ocean and the Sunset, The Hills and the Clouds: Looking at Santa Monica, illustrated by Alice N. Lunsford, 1983, 1982
Ocean Park
"67. Elephant Mural, 702 Pier Avenue. On the southside of an apartment house is this dramatic mural of two elephants. Painted by A. S. Bloomfield in 1981, it is best viewed from Seventh Street."
Frank MacShane (ed.) Selected Letters of Raymond Chandler, Columbia University Press: NY, 1981, 501pp., 1981, 1959, 1957, 1944, 1940, 1939, 1919
Chandler (1888-1959) lived at a brand new apartment house at 449 San Vicente Blvd., Santa Monica, for about three months from Oct. 9, 1940 to February 1, 1941.
"Dear Charles Morton, (October 12th, 1944)
" . . . The Big Sleep . . . sold to Warners and Howard Hawks is even now shooting a picture from it with Bogart and a new girl (Lauren Bacall) . . . Bill Faulkner and a girl named Leigh Brackett wrote the script. . . .
"The other day I thought of your suggestion for an article of studied insult about the Bay City (Santa Monica) police. A couple of D.A.'s investigators got a tip about a gambling hell in Ocean Park, a sleazy adjunct to Santa Monica. They went down there and picked up a couple of Santa Monica cops on the way, telling them they were going to kick in a box, but not telling them where it was. The cops went along with the natural reluctance of good cops to enforce the law against a paying customer, and when they found out where the place was, they mumbled brokenly: "We'd ought to talk to Captain Brown about this before we do it, boys, Captain Brown ain't going to like this." The D.A.'s men urged them heartlessly forward into the chip and bone parlor, several alleged gamblers were tossed into the sneezer and the equipment seized for evidence (a truckload of it) was stored in lockers at local police headquarters. When the D.A.'s boys came back next morning to go over it everything had disappeared but a few handfuls of white poker chips. The locks had not been tampered with, and no trace could be found of the truck or the driver. The flatfeet shook their grizzled polls in bewilderment and the investigators went back to town to hand the Jury the story. Nothing will come of it. Nothing ever does. Do you wonder why I love Bay City? Alas, that its gambling ships are no more. The present governor of California (Earl Warren, Governor of California and later Chief Justice of the United States) won his office by disposing of them. Others had tried (or pretended to) for years and years. But there was always the legal argument as to whether the 12-mile limit should be measured from this place or that. Warren solved it very simply, and no doubt quite illegally. He commandeered enough boats and deputies to surround the ships and keep anyone from leaving them or reaching them. Then he just stayed there until they gave up.
A real clinical study of such a town would be fascinating reading.
Sincerely, Raymond Chandler pp. 30, 31
"Dear Harwick [Moseley], (Jan. 5, 1957)
" . . .
" . . . I don't suppose that any mystery writer since Conan Doyle and perhaps Willard Huntington Wright (and what drivel he wrote) was ever a bestseller in a large way. (Wright wrote the Philo Vance detective stories under the pseudonym of S.S. Van Dine.) . . .
Yours, Ray [Chandler] p. 415
Eric Mankin Strategies: You Can Win City Hall, Mother Jones, VI, no. X, December, 1981. p. 66. 1981, 1970s, 1950s, 1940s
"Here is the question: How typical an American city is Santa Monica, California? Ruth Yannatta Goldway, a thin outspoken, 36-year-old consumer activist, is the mayor. Her husband Derek Shearer, slightly more endomorphic, is a city planning commissioner, a university economist and the coauthor of Economic Democracy - essential reading for Left strategists. He managed a municipal campaign last April that swept every open slot on the city council and rent control board (there were five) in this 89,000-person enclave surrounded by Los Angeles and the Pacific. Said election wass a runaway, a sleighride, a 54 - 46 avalanche, despite a unified opposition, which redbaited the lefties unmercifully and outspent them three to one. It resulted in Left control - not just representation, but indisputable control - of city hall.
"It was no fluke; Santa Monica is mainstream, say Goldway and Schearer, and what worked here can work in cities across the country, or even on a national scale. "If you think of Reaganism as a right-wing populist strategy, there is a left-wing one," says Shearer, "and the biggest failure now is people not trying. I think that we were evidence that if you work hard enough on it, you can win."
"This is not a humble statement, certainly. Can it be a true one? A little social history is needed to help evaluate it, as Shearer and Goldway walk, holding hands, from city hall to a nearby restaurant, to make their argument. Forty years ago Santa Monica was a staid, Republican suburb, depicted by Raymond Chandler in his mysteries (under the name "Bay City") as a master repository of hypocritical suburban corruption, a place that could be bought whole, "box and tissue paper."
"In the 1950s, the city fathers ran a freeway through the bungalows and rezoned for apartments with an abandon unusual even in Southern California. The result was a city that came to be about 80 percent renters, the highest proportion of any city in the state.
"When rents began to soar in the late '70s, city government - still in the hands of the suburban squire/chamber of commerce axis - did a classic Marie Antoinette turn. (The people can't afford to rent? Let them buy condos?) Rent control became a matter of elemental self-defense for thousands. In a grueling series of electoral contests, the organization now known as Santa Monica Renters' Rights (SMRR) - for which Shearer is spokesperson - passed one of the stiffest rent control laws in the country and beat back repeated landlord attempts to water it down.
"By the time last spring's municipal elections came, SMRR had become very good at ground-level electioneering, widely thought obsolete in the era of TV and computerized mailing. "We developed," says Goldway, "a system to put our volunteers to work, so their efforts had impact."
"While SMRR rode rent control very hard, it did not shy away from other issues, notably crime. Shearer is very proud that "we weren't defensive. We always said crime has economic roots, but we didn't say the only real solution is full employment and national reform. There are a lot of things you can do if you build decent neighborhoods." Nor did it hurt that one of the SMRR city council candidates was a parole officer.
"The coalition that SMRR represents includes New Left veterans, Demos, feminists and environmentalists, along with union members and - absolutely crucial - old people. Santa Monica is very much a retirement community, and the rise in rents was literally a life-or-death issue for 60- and 70-year-olds trying to survive on Social Security and savings.
"Now that the coalition is in office, it is cautious about avoiding two pitfalls: substituting symbolic gestures for actual achievement and relying too much on municipal authority instead of organization back in the neighborhoods.
"Eight months after the election, there has, in fact, been little in the way of symbolic action - "We're not putting up a statue of Dan Ellsberg in front of the Rand Corporation [opposite city hall]," says Shearer - though there have been council resolutions about nuclear policy and El Salvador. Probably the most important vote clamped a moratorium on high-rise development, stopping cold a half-dozen nascent office buildings while the future of Santa Monica's downtown is rethought in the direction of fewer homes for cars and desks and more for people.
"The new council has also cut red tape to speed the opening of a farmer's market and will probably cut more to hasten the closing of an airport to make way for light industry, recreation and affordable housing. And Goldway has thrown the city's weight behind a consumer push to improve phone service.
"In 16 months, Goldway runs for reelection, and the Right will be coming back loaded for bear, probably with the help of out-of-town political hired guns. SMRR will have a record to defend, and it will have to find ways to cope with the numerous obstacles that angry people with money can throw at city government they don't like. Goldway herself, though, simply expects to win, and she expects to bring in two more councilmembers with her. As the sportswriters say - these people have come to play."
Hal Morgan Big Time: American Tall-Tale PostCards, St. Martin's Press: NY, 1981, 75 pp.
Post Cards:
Jenny Pirie*, Peter Kastner* and Jeff Mudrick* A Short History of Ocean Park, Ocean Park Community Organization, 1982, (With a 1983 update.) 15pp. 1983, 1982, 1981
"In 1981, the threat of the Ocean Park Redevelopment Project was revived with a plan to build luxury condos on the public golf course on Neilson Way.
"Hundreds of residents were mobilized in an attempt to stop the plan, but the fate of that property had been decided years earlier by a previous City Council - before a community organiztion had been built that was strong enough to resist the pressure of the real estate developers. The condos could not be stopped.
"Still, Ocean Park residents did demand, and win, several changes in the project: it was to provide some affordable housing (replacing a few of the units demolished in the 1960's); the height of the project was to be substantially lower, and a view corridor to the ocean would be maintained.
"That year, neighbors demanded that the Ornyte Chemical Company stop polluting the air near Santa Monica High School with dangerous chemicals. As a result of community efforts, Ornyte Chemicals is relocating to an industrial area.
"Late in 1981, OPCO added Project "Crime Stop" to its activities, providing free locks to people with low and moderate incomes.
"That fall, it became clear that people wanted to take more initiative in deciding the kind of development that would take place in Ocean Park, rather than just fight defensive battles against real estate developers. With this is mind, at their Third Community Congress, OPCO called for the establishment of a "community development corporation" (CDC) - a corporation created and controlled by residents to meet development needs that would otherwise go unmet, i.e. affordable housing and service- oriented businesses.
" . . .
" . . . In the summer of 1981, seniors living in the Ocean House board-and-care facility were evicted by the building's owners, despite a court restraining order, and the attempts of the City's Rent Control Board to prevent the evictions. When the developers stated their intention of putting a luxury hotel in the building, people living in the area took action and called on OPCO for help. In the face of strong neighborhood opposition, the developeers agreed to drop their plans for a hotel, and to restore the senior facility in Ocean House."
Lionel Rolfe Literary L.A., Chronicle Books: San Francisco, 1981. 102pp.
Preface:
"No one has yet precisely pinpointed the literary tradition of Los Angeles; but then, L.A. itself is a hard place to pinpoint. Perhaps this is because L.A. became a major city of the world without having had a history that went back for centuries. . . . The transitory aspects of the contemporary human condition have been institutionalized in Los Angeles . . .
" . . . the modern condition is rootlessness. . . . Even without Hollywood, L.A. might have fostered a literature of the brief encounter, the momentary assignation that sometimes ends up in seduction. . . . Los Angeles has turned that [rootlessness] into a kind of powerful adaptive mechanism. Ebb and flow, a non-homogeneous collection of human types piled decades high upon the magnificient California landscape had to produce something distinctive . . ." p. ix
1. Just Passing Through: The Ghosts of Twain, Dreiser, Steinbeck, Miller, Kerouac and Others
2. Down and Out at the Brown Derby with Malcolm Lowry
3. The Day of the Locust: The Greatest Hollywood Novel of Them All.
" . . .
" . . .[Nathanael] West . . . was a hotel manager and night clerk himself, in New York before he got his first job in a Hollywood studio. He came to Hollywood in 1933 for a job writing scripts, on the strength of his sale of Miss Lonelyhearts to Twentieth Century-Fox for four thousand dollars, even though the novel itself had sold poorly. He stayed only a few months.
"It was when West returned to Hollywood from the East Coast in 1935 that he moved into the Parva-Sed Apta. . . . [unlike] his good friend F. Scott Fitzgerald . . . in The Last Tycoon, West was writing about the lower depths, the sea of hopefuls from which the chosen few emerge. Unlike so many writers who came to Hollywood, West was rather good at separating his life's work, writing novels, from his hack work, which was grinding out scenarios, mostly for "B" movies.
"Hundreds of novels have been published about Hollywood . . . one must include [among the good] Evelyn Waugh's The Loved One, Raymond Chandler's works, The Last Tycoon, and perhaps even Budd Schulberg's What Makes Sammy Run? . . . many critics contend that the elusive essence of Hollywood was best captured in West's novel.
" . . .
"To some . . . it is a book about a Hollywood that no longer exists . . . "there was still a lot of hope as well as innocence" . . . the Hollywood population has gained a substratum that has no aspirations to glamour. The glamour is gone.
" . . .
" . . . there was a Depression on. Hollywood was a boom town when West first arrived, almost in the manner of San Francisco during the Gold Rush. The early thirties were especially good for writers, because talkies weer still coming in, and there was a big need for scripts. Films were becoming a major industry in the country during the Depression-one of the nation's top ten industries . . . And it was an industry centered in Los Angeles.
"West had come from an affluent family that was wiped out financially by the Depression. West's sister Laura, however, had married his old college chum S.J. Perelman. Perelman became not only West's lifelong admirer but also his patron. . . .
" . . .
" . . . West was something of an artist himself . . . had been an art student . . .
" . . . he loved to cruise Hollywood Boulevard, and was a perennial fixture in front of Musso & Frank's Grill . . .[along with] . . . writers . . . next door to Stanley Rose's bookstore. . . . Among them were John O'Hara, Erskine Caldwell, William Saroyan, William Faulkner, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Dashiell Hammett.
"In 1936 . . . West sought sleaze. In pursuit of the underworld, he became . . . a fixture in the pressrooms downtown. He got to know police-beat reporters and went out on calls with them. He was particularly intrigued by domestic murders, which were usually over money. He enjoyed Filipino dance halls, and he was an inveterate cockfight attender . . . . in Wilmington . . .
"Another Los Angeles phenomenon West found fascinating . . . was Sister Aimee Semple McPherson's temple (officially called the Angelus Temple, which still overlooks Echo Park Lake . . . which houses the nation's biggest lotus collection . . . a gift from the mystic East, given by Sister McPherson in the twenties. . . .
"In a very basic sense, West was out of step with his age . . . Like so many during the Depression, West was a communist sympathizer and even a political activist. He went on to become one of the founders, for instance, of the Screenwriter's Guild. But many of his leftist friends were uncomfortable with his unrelieved pessimism. . . . West wanted The Day of the Locust to be a Marxist morality play. He wanted to say that proletarian politics offered hope. But . . . ultimately he was saying, "Nothing redeems, and there's no promise of redemption." . . . .
"It is clear that West could almost certainly be counted as the first Jewish writer in America to achieve . . . the ranks of the nation's great writers, even if Nathan Weinstein did change his name to the oh-so-English-sounding Nathanael West. . . .
" . . .
" . . . In April of 1939, West sent Fitzgerald galleys of The Day of the Locust, tellling him how difficult it had been to write in between "working on westerns and cops and robbers." . . .
" . . . he was becoming far less pessimistic because of his marriage in 1939 to Eileen McKenney, the "Eileen" of the popular book, My Sister Eileen written by her sister Ruth.
Eileen and West were killed in an automobile accident in El Centro on December 22, 1940.
4. Thomas Mann: Faustus in the Palisades
" . . . [1950s] . . .
"My mother, Yaltah Menuhin, is a pianist, and she and Michael [Mann, son of Thomas Mann] had toured throughout Europe. . . .
" . . .
"Thomas Mann [and his wife, Katia, mother of Michael Mann] was the most famous of the many famous refugees from Hitler's Germany who sought out the untroubled blue skies over Los Angeles, so far away from the Holocaust in Europe. . . . Many of the greatest personalities, as well as egos, had come to L.A. to escape Hitler. Some were Jews, of course, but many, like Mann and Stravinsky, were not. Some were quite left-wing; others were conservative. . . . Yet they clung together . . .
" . . . [Menuhin lived on Pelham Avenue]
" . . . in the Pacific Palisades, . . . Mann lived at 1550 San Remo Drive.
" . . . Arnold Schoenberg [and his wife, Gertrud] . . . in Brentwood, at 116 N. Rockingham.
[A system for composing music is considered as unnatural.]
"It is surely not coincidence that in 1908 Schoenberg wrote some music for poems by Stefan George for voice and piano. Schoenberg regarded this work as his great "breakthrough"-melody and harmony almost completely drowned out by atonality-and he believed that he had finally succeeded in his . . . claim of emancipating dissonance with his work. . . .
"Like Schoenberg . . . George was a dedicated member of the so-called avant-garde, which was always searching for a "higher order." . . .
" . . .
" . . . Alma Mahler-Werfel, who had once been married to the composer Gustav Mahler . . . then remarried Franz Werfel, author of The Song of Bernadette, . . . is said to have pointed out the parallels to Arnold Schoenberg's music and career, in Thomas Mann's Dr. Faustus, to Arnold Schoenberg himself.
Schoenberg . . . blamed musicologist and philosopher, Theodor Wisengrund-Adorno . . . who Mann had consulted . . .
" . . . Mann was sixty-six when he came to Los Angeles in 1941 . . .
5. Aldous Huxley's Strange Passage to the West
Part of the post-Huxley story involves Captain Beefheart . . .
6. Jack London May Have Slept Here
7. The Lost L.A. Years of Robinson Jeffers
"The other day I ran into John Harris, proprietor of Papa Bach Bookstore, the distinguished West Los Angeles emporium of the printed world. Harris is also a poet and a publisher, the closest thing Los Angeles has to a literary Renaissance man.
" . . .
"One of [Robert J.] Brophy's friends and fellow researchers for the Robinson Jeffers Newsletter is Robert Kafka. He is a self-described Jeffers fanatic who had retraced much of Jeffer's life in Los Angeles . . . Kafka knows, for instance, by first-hand research, the various bars Jeffers went drinking in, and has even uncovered the fact that Jeffers was involved in-though did not cause-a bloody barroom brawl in a place called The Ship's Cafe, which was built in the shape of a ship on the old Venice pier. . . ."
8. In Search of Upton Sinclair
The Jungle, 1906
Dragon's Teeth, Pulitzer Prize
"[Upton] Sinclair came to Coronado, on San Diego Bay, in 1915, and settled in Pasadena in 1916, a decade after The Jungle had made him a national celebrity. His exposé of the meat-packing industry . . . .
" . . . By 1908 . . . George Sterling . . . was coaxing Sinclair to come west. So was another socialist, millionaire H. Gaylord Wilshire, after whom Los Angeles' Wilshire Boulevard was named , . . . Wilshire had a gold mine in the Sierras, with two unusual . . . features: high wages and socialist propaganda . . .
" . . .
" . . . EPIC [1930s] . . . won [Sinclair] the Democratic nomination, and he lost to the Republicans with forty-five percent of the vote only after one of the most vicious political smear campaigns ever launched. . . . Sinclair's candidacy forced a realignment of the two major political parties . . . [leading to] later Democratic officeholders as U.S. Senator Sheridan Downey, Governor Culbert Olson, Congressman Jerry Voorhis and Los Angeles County Supervisor John Anson Ford.
" . . . [In 1916] Sinclair moved to Pasadena because he liked to play tennis and once ranked seventh in Pasadena.
" . . .
" . . . Sinclair discovered socialism in Wilshire's Magazine, which was published by H. Gaylord Wilshire . . .in 1902 which he discovered in a New York editor's office . . . he had a knack for writing pulp fiction. . . .
" . . .
"He was a health-food nut, . . . both he and Wilshire fell prey to a San Francisco homeopathic physician named Abrams . . . .
"[In Pasadena] He used to go walking with Henry Ford in the San Gabriel Mountains behind Pasadena; they would discuss politics and economics. . . . [Sinclair] asked King Gillette, the socialist razor [magnate] to argue with the flivver [ merchandizer]. Gillette was no more successful than Sinclair . . .
" . . .
" . . . in 1923, Sinclair was jailed in San Pedro during a "Wobbly" strike. He was arrested while speaking to seven hundred strikers. He stood on private property, and he had written permission from the owner to be there. He was reading the Declaration of Independence and the First Amendment to the Constitution. He was held incommunicado overnight-and out of the incident came the Southern California branch of the American Civil Liberties Union. . . .
" . . .
"Politics was ultimately to direct Sinclair's efforts away from the studios. The Depression was deepening. Sinclair had already taken out his typewriter and knocked off a couple of books telling what he would do about the country's financial problems- I, Candidate for Governor and How I Ended Poverty: A True Story of the Future. They were novels, but among the people they impressed was a contingent of Democrats in Santa Monica, including the owner of one of that town's biggest hotels. They liked his ideas about what to do, and kept urging him to run for governor as a Democrat, not a Socialist.
" . . .
"Thus it was out of a book, a book that was really only fiction, that Sinclair's EPIC movement-End Poverty in California-was born. The EPIC plan became a giant grassroots movement such as California has not seen since. There were EPIC clubs, EPIC theaters and an EPIC newspaper, which had a daily circulation of two million at one point in Sinclair's campaign .
" . . ."
9. Can Bohemia Thrive Here Once Again?
" . . ."
Lionel Rolfe, The Menuhins: A Family Odyssey
Santa Monica Planning Division Santa Monica Landmarks Tour, 2003.
32. Loof Hippodrome, 1916
Foot of Colorado Avenue
Architects: various builders
Designation: 17 August 1976
"The Hippodrome is a California-Byzantine-Moorish-style fantasy that has housed a succession of vintage merry-go-rounds, carousels and Wurlitzer organs over the years. The current carousel was built by the Philadelphia Toboggan Company in 1922. Originally from Nashville, Tennessee, the carousel was moved from the Venice pier to the Santa Monica Pier in 1947. It has 44 hand-carved and hand-painted wooden horses, which were restored in 1990.
"The Hippodrome building was restored during the period from 1981 through 1984, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987."
40 John and Anna George* House, circa
1911
2424 Fourth Street
Architect: Unknown
Designated 17 March 1981
"Situated on the crest of a hill, this California Craftsman bungalow features include a large double columned front porch, several large picture windows, a widow's walk which faces the ocean, and a glassed in morning room. The large front door is pierced by three vertical channels of beveled glass. During restoration of the house in the early 1980's the structure was repainted its original gray color and a small second floor additon was constructed.
"The Georges were a prominent local family. John George was a City Council member and his wife was an active clubwoman." p.18
Amanda Schacter (Ed.) Santa Monica Landmarks Santa Monica Landmarks Commission, 1990.
14 John and Anna George* House
2424 Fourth Street
Built: 1910
Designated 17 March 1981
"This residence is one of several remaining California Craftsman bungalow style single-family homes in South Santa Monica. Special features include a large double columned front porch, several large picture windows, a widow's walk which faces the ocean, and a glassed in morning room. During restoration of the house in the early 1980's the structure was repainted its original gray color and a small second floor additon was constructed."
Jeffrey Stanton Santa Monica Pier: A History from 1875 to 1990, Donahue Publishing: Los Angeles, CA, 1990, 1981
Chapter 6: City Owned Pier (1974-1990)
"Carousel restoration p. 157
"After months of painstaking work, the doors of the carousel buillding reopened on June 6, 1981 to allow 275 members of the National Carousel Association to preview the restored carousel and band organ. NCA president John Hayek presented the organization's Preservation Award to Santa Monica's Mayor Ruth Goldway.
"The carousel's official grand opening was on August 14, 1981 . . . included celebrities Jane Fonda,* Herb Albert [Alpert?]. Daniel Travanti . .
"Santa Monica recruited and hired Susan Mullin to manage the pier in August 1981. . .
" . . .
"In September 1981, the State Coastal Conservancy granted $30,000 . . . toward restoration . . . with the condition the city name a citizen's advisory committee . . .
"The pier task force, initially chaired by activist Ernie Powell*, . . .
" . . .
" . . . [Pier ]Task Force chairman, Paul Silvern* . . . "